For saving seed potatoes for next year, store them at 2-4°C with 90-95% relative humidity according to FAO and CIP guidelines. This temperature range delays sprouting and can extend dormancy for 6-8 months, making it ideal for long-term seed storage.
Storage Methods:
The most effective method for small-scale farmers is Diffused Light Storage (DLS), a CIP innovation widely used in Africa, the Andes, and Asia. Store seed tubers in single or double layers on slatted shelves using ambient temperatures but exposed to diffused natural light. This creates light-green short sprouts, slows aging compared to dark storage, and reduces seed losses by 30-50% versus traditional pit or heap storage using an inexpensive wooden or bamboo structure.
Critical Storage Requirements:
Maintain active ventilation to prevent condensation and anaerobic soft rot. Keep humidity at 90-95% RH - below 85% causes shriveling and weight loss. Avoid sprout suppressants like CIPC, maleic hydrazide, or ethylene on seed potatoes, as these inhibit sprouting and are meant for ware or processing storage only.
Quality Considerations:
Use only certified seed when possible, as farm-saved seed typically loses 30-60% yield potential within 2-3 cycles due to virus accumulation (PVY, PLRV, PVX) according to CIP research. After 4 generations of uncertified multiplication, yield losses can reach 70%. For best results, save seed for only 1-2 cycles after obtaining certified material.
Before planting, condition stored seed by warming to 10-15°C for 10-20 days to initiate proper sprouting.